Waldorf Methods/Reading and MathIntroduction
Language is our most important means of mutual understanding and is therefore the primary medium of education. It is also a highly significant formative influence in the child’s psychological and spiritual development and its cultivation is central to the educational tasks of Steiner/Waldorf education. It is the aim of the curriculum to cultivate language skills and awareness in all subjects and teaching settings. Clearly the teaching of the mother tongue has a pivotal role within the whole education.
Mathematics in the Waldorf school is divided into stages. In the first stage, which covers the first five classes, mathematics is developed as an activity intimately connected to the life process of the child, and progresses from the internal towards the external. In the second stage, covering classes 6 to 8, the main emphasis is on the practical. Course OutlineSophia Institute Waldorf Courses: The Art of Teaching Waldorf Grade 4
Lesson 1 / Waldorf Curriculum / Introduction Lesson 2 / Waldorf Curriculum / Grades 4 - 6 (Part 1) Lesson 3 / Waldorf Curriculum / Grades 4 - 6 (Part 2) Lesson 4 / Waldorf Methods / Reading and Math / Introduction Lesson 5 / Waldorf Methods / Reading and Math / Reading / Grade 4 Lesson 6 / Waldorf Methods / Reading and Math / Math / Grade 4 Lesson 7 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Chemistry / Introduction Lesson 8 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Physics / Introduction Lesson 9 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Life Sciences / Introduction Lesson 10 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Geography / Introduction Lesson 11 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Geography / Grades 1 - 8 Lesson 12 / Waldorf Methods / Sciences / Gardening and Sustainable Living |
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Tasks and Assignments for Art of Teaching Waldorf Grade 4 /AoT46
Please study and work with the study material provided for this lesson. Use additional study material as wanted/needed. Then please turn to the following tasks and assignments listed below.
1. Create examples of curriculum that addresses the learning method and content appropriate for grade 4 as follows. Curriculum examples should include outlines and goals, activities, circle/games, stories, and illustrations/drawings. Create 2 examples for grade 4.
2. Additionally submit comments and questions, if any.
Please send your completed assignment via the online form or via email.
1. Create examples of curriculum that addresses the learning method and content appropriate for grade 4 as follows. Curriculum examples should include outlines and goals, activities, circle/games, stories, and illustrations/drawings. Create 2 examples for grade 4.
2. Additionally submit comments and questions, if any.
Please send your completed assignment via the online form or via email.
Study Material for this Lesson
Arithmetic and Mathematics/Class 4
General Observations and Guidelines
Classes 4 and 5
Upon reaching their ninth year, children make a decisive change. Their close relationship to the world around them becomes different and more remote. The earlier harmony between outer and inner worlds is fundamentally broken.
This transformation in their soul is reflected in the mathematics curriculum when in Class 4 the children begin to work with broken numbers (fractions). By this means they meet something in the teaching content which they have also experienced in themselves.
It is not essential for the children to be able to manage fractions swiftly. It is much more important that they can experience these 'external' fractions very strongly. In connection with this, the historical development of fraction calculations in Egypt can give the teacher interesting and Significant teaching ideas. In order to do general justice to the subject of fractions it is recommended to use the following three methods as an introduction: To proceed from the whole to the parts, from the parts to the whole, and to establish the principle of equivalence. After this the four rules are practised with fractions, the same with simplifying, expansion and division of the denominator into prime factors.
After this, decimal fractions follow as a practical application. Once the divisibility border is crossed the children can discover the practicality of calculations in Class 5.
The aim according to Steiner is as follows: 'in Class 5 we want to continue with fractions and decimals and to give the children everything which will allow them to calculate freely with whole and fractional numbers,"
In Class 4 form drawing is led into elementary geometry. Here one can begin again with the basic linear polarity of circle and straight line. In order that the pupils get as intensive an image as possible of these forms, it is recommended that they do not initially use compasses and ruler, but draw free- hand.
Although we deal with the most basic elements in the first geometry lessons, it is important to let the pupils feel something of that dimension which is connected with existential questions over and above the practical and utilitarian. This is made far easier if the beauty of form and strongly regulated connections of geometry are felt in addition to the working rules and methods.
In connection with stories from ancient Egypt in the history lessons, the Pythagorean rope can be introduced as a first introduction to Pythagoras' Theorem.
This transformation in their soul is reflected in the mathematics curriculum when in Class 4 the children begin to work with broken numbers (fractions). By this means they meet something in the teaching content which they have also experienced in themselves.
It is not essential for the children to be able to manage fractions swiftly. It is much more important that they can experience these 'external' fractions very strongly. In connection with this, the historical development of fraction calculations in Egypt can give the teacher interesting and Significant teaching ideas. In order to do general justice to the subject of fractions it is recommended to use the following three methods as an introduction: To proceed from the whole to the parts, from the parts to the whole, and to establish the principle of equivalence. After this the four rules are practised with fractions, the same with simplifying, expansion and division of the denominator into prime factors.
After this, decimal fractions follow as a practical application. Once the divisibility border is crossed the children can discover the practicality of calculations in Class 5.
The aim according to Steiner is as follows: 'in Class 5 we want to continue with fractions and decimals and to give the children everything which will allow them to calculate freely with whole and fractional numbers,"
In Class 4 form drawing is led into elementary geometry. Here one can begin again with the basic linear polarity of circle and straight line. In order that the pupils get as intensive an image as possible of these forms, it is recommended that they do not initially use compasses and ruler, but draw free- hand.
Although we deal with the most basic elements in the first geometry lessons, it is important to let the pupils feel something of that dimension which is connected with existential questions over and above the practical and utilitarian. This is made far easier if the beauty of form and strongly regulated connections of geometry are felt in addition to the working rules and methods.
In connection with stories from ancient Egypt in the history lessons, the Pythagorean rope can be introduced as a first introduction to Pythagoras' Theorem.
Class 4
* Mental arithmetic
* Practice of written calculations using higher numbers
* Introduction to fractions: experience of a fraction as part of a whole. From part to whole, similar fractions and different fractions. Transfer of improper fractions into mixed numbers and the reverse
* Introduction to decimal fractions
* Revision: the four rules and written multiplica- tion and division with several place values
* Freehand form drawing leads into geometrical drawing. Circle, square, triangle, isosceles and right angled triangle. Division of circle into 4, 5,6,8, 12 equal parts. This is done by organised guess work. Colouring and imagination will bring out different patterns
* Practice of written calculations using higher numbers
* Introduction to fractions: experience of a fraction as part of a whole. From part to whole, similar fractions and different fractions. Transfer of improper fractions into mixed numbers and the reverse
* Introduction to decimal fractions
* Revision: the four rules and written multiplica- tion and division with several place values
* Freehand form drawing leads into geometrical drawing. Circle, square, triangle, isosceles and right angled triangle. Division of circle into 4, 5,6,8, 12 equal parts. This is done by organised guess work. Colouring and imagination will bring out different patterns
Numeracy Checklist for Class 4 to 5
Most children within the normal range of ability will be able to:
Number
4 carry out all four processes of number confidently
4 read and understand numbers up to six figures
4 know the multiplication tables up to 12 out of sequence
4 do long multiplication with numbers up to 122 as multiplier
4 find factors of a given number
4 identify prime numbers less than 100
4/5 answer more complex mental arithmetic questions involving a mix of processes (e.g. The 12.38 train to Reading takes 18 minutes. but left 14 minutes late, when did it arrive? or I doubled a number and added 8 and got 32, what was the number?)
4/5 do long division including making use of remainder and estimating approximate answers.
4/5 find Lowest Common Multiple or Highest Common Factors
5 use all four processes with fractions including mixed numbers and improper fractions
5 understand how to use decimal notation, decimal fractions and interchange of decimal with common fractions
5 carry out four processes with decimals
5 use long division and multiplication using the decimal point
5 apply the Rule of Three (if, then, therefore) to practical problems
Measurement
4 record information such as height, weight, volume, etc.
5 work with metric measurement including estimation
5 work with aspects of time including 24 hour clock
5/6 calculate average speeds
Geometry
5 draw freehand archetypal geometric shapes: different kinds of triangle, rectangle, quadrilaterals, polygons and circles
5 divide circles into 17, 16 or 20 parts, deriving regular figures like pentagon and hexagon from them
Number
4 carry out all four processes of number confidently
4 read and understand numbers up to six figures
4 know the multiplication tables up to 12 out of sequence
4 do long multiplication with numbers up to 122 as multiplier
4 find factors of a given number
4 identify prime numbers less than 100
4/5 answer more complex mental arithmetic questions involving a mix of processes (e.g. The 12.38 train to Reading takes 18 minutes. but left 14 minutes late, when did it arrive? or I doubled a number and added 8 and got 32, what was the number?)
4/5 do long division including making use of remainder and estimating approximate answers.
4/5 find Lowest Common Multiple or Highest Common Factors
5 use all four processes with fractions including mixed numbers and improper fractions
5 understand how to use decimal notation, decimal fractions and interchange of decimal with common fractions
5 carry out four processes with decimals
5 use long division and multiplication using the decimal point
5 apply the Rule of Three (if, then, therefore) to practical problems
Measurement
4 record information such as height, weight, volume, etc.
5 work with metric measurement including estimation
5 work with aspects of time including 24 hour clock
5/6 calculate average speeds
Geometry
5 draw freehand archetypal geometric shapes: different kinds of triangle, rectangle, quadrilaterals, polygons and circles
5 divide circles into 17, 16 or 20 parts, deriving regular figures like pentagon and hexagon from them